Base Oil Groups

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Base Oil Groups

Base Oil Groups:

This information only relevant to Virgin Base Oil for engine oil (not recycle oils). There are two types of Virgin Base Oil:
(a) Virgin Base Oil – sourced from petroleum.
(b) Virgin Base Oil – sourced from non-petroleum (pure synthetic)

(a) Virgin Base Oil sourced from petroleum is the result of a phased refinering processing made by petroleum producers such as Petronas, Pertamina, Shell, ExxonMobil and etc. Only 1% -2% of this process results will produce Base Oil for engine oil. Base Oil resulting from these processes is known as Base Oil Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3.

Base Oil Group 1 & 2:
Known as mineral base oil. It still contains a mixture of many mineral molecules such as sulphur, tar, and others. Viscosity Index value between 80-120.

Base Oil Group 2 (further refinering):
Known as Synthetic Blend where most of the other minerals have been extinguished. Viscosity Index value between 80-120

Base Oil Group 3 (advance hyro-cracking process):
– known as Hydrocarbon Synthetic (fully synthetic) because its molecules have undergone purification process which makes it smooth, uniform and almost free from other minerals such as sulphur, tar, etc. It has characters similar to Pure Synthetic Base Oil such as anti-friction and Viscosity Index which is higher than 120.

(b) Virgin Base Oil that is sourced from non-petroleum, which is derived from the reaction of several chemicals and is known as “Pure Synthetic”. Divided into 2 groups; Base Oil Group 4 and Base Oil Group 5.

Base Oil Group 4:
– Known as Poly Alpha Olefin (PAO) that has uniforms molecules sizes and has a high Viscosity Index (≥150) and its viscosity is more stable against temperature changes.

Base Oil Group 5:
-It is Bass Oil other than Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and Group 4. Among them are Ester, BioOil, etc. It also has a Viscosity Index of ≥150 and its viscosity is more stable against temperature changes.

Because Base Oil Group 4 and Group 5 are not from petroleum sources, then the process of producing them is more complicated and the cost is greater. Therefore, the price is much higher than the Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 prices. But, their drain interval is more in km compares to petroleum based engine oil.

That’s why most synthetic oils in the market are petroleum-based hyrocarbon synthetic (usually sold between RM150-RM300 for 4L or 5L). Pure synthetic oils from Group 4 and Group 5 will cost around 3 to 8 times higher than hydrocarbon synthetic oils.

Thank you.

Kumpulan Minyak Asas:

Informasi ini hanya berkaitan dengan Virgin Base Oil (bukan minyak recycle). Terdapat 2 jenis Virgin Base Oil:
(a) Virgin Base Oil bersumberkan petroleum.
(b) Virgin Base Oil bersumberkan bahan sintetik (bukan petroleum).

(a) Virgin Base Oil bersumber dari petroleum adalah hasil dari pemprosesan refinering berperingkat yang dibuat oleh pengeluar-pengeluar petroleum seperti Petronas, Pertamina, Shell, ExxonMobil, dll. Hanya 1%-2% dari hasil proses ini yang akan menghasilkan Base Oil untuk minyak enjin. Base Oil yang terhasil dari proses-proses ini dikenali sebagai Base Oil Group 1, Group 2 dan Group 3.

Base Oil Group 1 & 2:
-dikenali sebagai mineral base oil. Masih mengandungi campuran banyak molekul-molekul mineral seperti sulfur, tar, dan lain-lain. Viscosity Index antara 80-120.

Base Oil Group 2 (further refinering) :
-dikenali sebagai Synthetic Blend (atau Semi Sintetik) dimana sebahagian besarnya mineral-mineral lain yang terdapat telah diasingkan keluar. Viscosity Index antara 80-120

Base Oil Group 3 ( advance hyro-cracking process):
-dikenali sebagai Hydrocarbon Synthetic (fully synthetic) kerana molekul-molekulnya telah melalui proses penulenan yang menjadikannya halus, seragam dan hampir bebas dari mineral-mineral lain spt sulfur, tar, dll. Ia mempunyai karektor seperti Base Oil Sintetik Tulen yang bersifat anti-friction dan Viscosity Index yang tinggi melebihi 120.

(b) Virgin Base Oil bersumber selain dari petroleum di mana ianya dihasilkan dari proses tindakbalas beberapa bahan kimia dan dikenali sebagai Sintetik Tulen. Terbahagi kepada 2; Base Oil Group 4 dan Base Oil Group 5.

Base Oil Group 4:
-Dikenali sebagai PolyAlphaOlefins (PAO). Ianya mempunyai molekul yang halus dan seragam membuatkan ianya lebih bersifat anti-friction, mempunyai Viscosity Index yang tinggi (≥150) dan lebih stabil terhadap perubahan suhu.

Base Oil Group 5:
-Ia adalah Bass Oil selain dari Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 dan Group 4. Antaranya Ester, BioOil, dll. Juga mempunyai Viscosity Index yang tinggi ≥150 serta lebih stabil terhadap perubahan suhu.

Oleh kerana Base Oil Group 4 dan Group 5 bukan dari sumber petroleum, maka proses menghasilkannya lebih rumit dan kosnya lebih besar. Kerana itu, harganya jauh lebih mahal dari harga Group 1, Group 2 dan Group 3. Tetapi ia mempunyai tempoh penukaran minyak enjin yang lebih panjang (lebih km).

Sebab itu kebanyakan minyak sintetik yang ada di pasaran adalah hyrocarbon synthetic yang bersumberkan petroleum (biasanya dijual berharga antara RM150-RM300 utk 4L atau 5L). Sementara minyak sintetik dari Group 4 dan Group 5 harganya lebih mahal sekitar 3 hingga 8 kali ganda.

Terima kasih.