Byadmin
Base Oil Groups
Base Oil Groups:
This information only relevant to Virgin Base Oil for engine oil (not recycle oils). There are two types of Virgin Base Oil:
(a) Virgin Base Oil – sourced from petroleum.
(b) Virgin Base Oil – sourced from non-petroleum (pure synthetic)
(a) Virgin Base Oil sourced from petroleum is the result of a phased refinering processing made by petroleum producers such as Petronas, Pertamina, Shell, ExxonMobil and etc. Only 1% -2% of this process results will produce Base Oil for engine oil. Base Oil resulting from these processes is known as Base Oil Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3.
Base Oil Group 1 & 2:
Known as mineral base oil. It still contains a mixture of many mineral molecules such as sulphur, tar, and others. Viscosity Index value between 80-120.
Base Oil Group 2 (further refinering):
Known as Synthetic Blend where most of the other minerals have been extinguished. Viscosity Index value between 80-120
Base Oil Group 3 (advance hyro-cracking process):
– known as Hydrocarbon Synthetic (fully synthetic) because its molecules have undergone purification process which makes it smooth, uniform and almost free from other minerals such as sulphur, tar, etc. It has characters similar to Pure Synthetic Base Oil such as anti-friction and Viscosity Index which is higher than 120.
(b) Virgin Base Oil that is sourced from non-petroleum, which is derived from the reaction of several chemicals and is known as “Pure Synthetic”. Divided into 2 groups; Base Oil Group 4 and Base Oil Group 5.
Base Oil Group 4:
– Known as Poly Alpha Olefin (PAO) that has uniforms molecules sizes and has a high Viscosity Index (≥150) and its viscosity is more stable against temperature changes.
Base Oil Group 5:
-It is Bass Oil other than Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and Group 4. Among them are Ester, BioOil, etc. It also has a Viscosity Index of ≥150 and its viscosity is more stable against temperature changes.
Because Base Oil Group 4 and Group 5 are not from petroleum sources, then the process of producing them is more complicated and the cost is greater. Therefore, the price is much higher than the Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 prices. But, their drain interval is more in km compares to petroleum based engine oil.
That’s why most synthetic oils in the market are petroleum-based hyrocarbon synthetic (usually sold between RM150-RM300 for 4L or 5L). Pure synthetic oils from Group 4 and Group 5 will cost around 3 to 8 times higher than hydrocarbon synthetic oils.
Thank you.
Kumpulan Minyak Asas:
Informasi ini hanya berkaitan dengan Virgin Base Oil (bukan minyak recycle). Terdapat 2 jenis Virgin Base Oil:
(a) Virgin Base Oil bersumberkan petroleum.
(b) Virgin Base Oil bersumberkan bahan sintetik (bukan petroleum).
(a) Virgin Base Oil bersumber dari petroleum adalah hasil dari pemprosesan refinering berperingkat yang dibuat oleh pengeluar-pengeluar petroleum seperti Petronas, Pertamina, Shell, ExxonMobil, dll. Hanya 1%-2% dari hasil proses ini yang akan menghasilkan Base Oil untuk minyak enjin. Base Oil yang terhasil dari proses-proses ini dikenali sebagai Base Oil Group 1, Group 2 dan Group 3.
Base Oil Group 1 & 2:
-dikenali sebagai mineral base oil. Masih mengandungi campuran banyak molekul-molekul mineral seperti sulfur, tar, dan lain-lain. Viscosity Index antara 80-120.
Base Oil Group 2 (further refinering) :
-dikenali sebagai Synthetic Blend (atau Semi Sintetik) dimana sebahagian besarnya mineral-mineral lain yang terdapat telah diasingkan keluar. Viscosity Index antara 80-120
Base Oil Group 3 ( advance hyro-cracking process):
-dikenali sebagai Hydrocarbon Synthetic (fully synthetic) kerana molekul-molekulnya telah melalui proses penulenan yang menjadikannya halus, seragam dan hampir bebas dari mineral-mineral lain spt sulfur, tar, dll. Ia mempunyai karektor seperti Base Oil Sintetik Tulen yang bersifat anti-friction dan Viscosity Index yang tinggi melebihi 120.
(b) Virgin Base Oil bersumber selain dari petroleum di mana ianya dihasilkan dari proses tindakbalas beberapa bahan kimia dan dikenali sebagai Sintetik Tulen. Terbahagi kepada 2; Base Oil Group 4 dan Base Oil Group 5.
Base Oil Group 4:
-Dikenali sebagai PolyAlphaOlefins (PAO). Ianya mempunyai molekul yang halus dan seragam membuatkan ianya lebih bersifat anti-friction, mempunyai Viscosity Index yang tinggi (≥150) dan lebih stabil terhadap perubahan suhu.
Base Oil Group 5:
-Ia adalah Bass Oil selain dari Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 dan Group 4. Antaranya Ester, BioOil, dll. Juga mempunyai Viscosity Index yang tinggi ≥150 serta lebih stabil terhadap perubahan suhu.
Oleh kerana Base Oil Group 4 dan Group 5 bukan dari sumber petroleum, maka proses menghasilkannya lebih rumit dan kosnya lebih besar. Kerana itu, harganya jauh lebih mahal dari harga Group 1, Group 2 dan Group 3. Tetapi ia mempunyai tempoh penukaran minyak enjin yang lebih panjang (lebih km).
Sebab itu kebanyakan minyak sintetik yang ada di pasaran adalah hyrocarbon synthetic yang bersumberkan petroleum (biasanya dijual berharga antara RM150-RM300 utk 4L atau 5L). Sementara minyak sintetik dari Group 4 dan Group 5 harganya lebih mahal sekitar 3 hingga 8 kali ganda.
Terima kasih.
Byadmin
Understanding Your Engine Oil Labels.
Who usually saw the oil grade written on the label before buying your engine oil? Some may see while some may not even care about it.
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On the engine oil bottle, the label is usually on the front and rear, you will see some writing that aims to tell you what type of oil is it and what its grade and its usefulness. Among them:
1) Basic information on Base Oil used:
a) Full Synthetic or
b) Semi Synthetic or
c) Synthetic Blends or
d) Minerals
2) SAE Grade (Society of Automotive Engineers):
a) Monograde Winter SAE: 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W
b) Monograde Summer SAE: SAE8, SAE12, SAE16, SAE20, SAE30, SAE40, SAE50, SAE60
c) Multigrade – a combination of Winter SAE and Summer SAE. Eg: SAE 0W-20, SAE 5W-30, SAE 10W-40, and other combinations
3) API Classification (American Petroleum Institute):
a) Class for Petrol engines – Eg: API SL / API SM / API SN
b) Class for Diesel engine – Eg: CF / CF-4, CI-4, CJ, CK
c) Combination of Petrol / Diesel Engine Class – Eg: SN / CF, SN / CI-4
d) Diesel / Gasoline Engine Class Combination – Eg: CI-4 / SL, CJ / SL
4) JASO Classification (Japanese Automotive Standards Organization):
Here we will talk about specially for motorcycle engines
a) Class JASO MA, MA1, MA2 – wet clutch systems
b) Class JASO MB – dry clutch systems
The JASO Engine Oil Standards Implementation Panel consists of 6 organizations; Petroleum Association of Japan (PAJ), Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association, Inc. (JAMA), Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, Inc. (JSAE), Land Engine Manufacturers Association (LEMA), Japan Lubricating Oil Society (JALOS), and Japan Boating Industry Association (JBIA) and several related companies (lubricant additive producers).
It should be understood that bodies such as the API, ACEA, ILSAC and JASO are bodies that set standards (standards). It regulates only compliance with established standards, rather than approving a product of oil and lubricant for the use of an engine / vehicle type / brand. Approval for use on an engine or vehicle is provided by the OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) itself. In the automotive industry, OEM examples are Ford, BMW, Mercedes Benz, Volkswagon and others. To obtain the approval it is not a simple and inexpensive process, it requires several levels of testing and a very high cost for each product type.
Thanks
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Siapa yang biasa melihat gred minyak yang ditulis di label yang terdapat pada botol minyak sebelum membeli nya? Sebahagian mungkin melihat sementara sebahagian mungkin tidak peduli pun dengannya.
Pada label botol minyak enjin biasanya di bahagian depan dan belakang, anda akan melihat beberapa tulisan yang bertujuan memberitahu apakah jenis minyak tersebut dan apakah grednya serta kegunaannya. Antaranya:
1) Jenis minyak asas (Base Oil) yang digunakan:
a) Full Synthetic atau
b) Semi Synthetic atau
c) Synthetic Blends atau
d) Mineral
2) Gred SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers):
a) Monograde Winter SAE : 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W
b) Monograde Summer SAE: SAE8, SAE12, SAE16, SAE20, SAE30, SAE40, SAE50, SAE60
c) Multigrade – kombinasi Winter SAE dan Summer SAE. Cth: SAE 0W-20, SAE 5W-30, SAE 10W-40, dan lain-lain kombinasi
3) Klasifikasi API (American Petroleum Institute):
a) Class untuk enjin Petrol – Cth:API SL/API SM/ API SN
b) Class untuk engine Diesel – Cth: CF/ CF-4, CI-4 , CJ, CK
c) Kombinasi Class Enjin Petrol/Diesel – Cth: SN/CF, SN/CI-4
d) Kombinasi Class Enjin Diesel/Petrol – Cth: CI-4/SL, CJ/SL
4) Klasifikasi JASO (Japanese Automotive Standards Organization):
Disini kita akan bicarakan khusus untuk enjin motorsikal
a) Class JASO MA , MA1, MA2 – wet clutch systems
b) Class JASO MB – dry clutch systems
JASO Engine Oil Standards Implementation Panel terdiri dari 6 organisasi; Petroleum Association of Japan (PAJ), Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association, Inc. (JAMA), Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, Inc. (JSAE), Land Engine Manufacturers Association (LEMA), Japan Lubricating Oil Society (JALOS), dan Japan Boating Industry Association (JBIA) serta beberapa syarikat berkaitan (pengeluar lubricant additive).
Perlu difahami bahawa badan-badan seperti API, ACEA, ILSAC dan JASO adalah badan-badan yang menetapkan standard (piawaian). Ia hanya mengawalselia pematuhan terhadap standard ditetapkan, bukan memberikan kelulusan (approval) kepada sesuatu produk minyak dan pelincir untuk kegunaan sesuatu jenis/jenama enjin atau kenderaan. Kelulusan untuk penggunaan di sesuatu enjin atau kenderaan diberikan oleh pihak OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) itu sendiri. Dalam industri otomotif, contoh OEM adalah Ford, BMW, Mercedes Benz, Volkswagon dan lain-lain. Untuk memperolehi kelulusan tersebut ia bukannya satu proses yang mudah dan murah, ia memerlukan beberapa peringkat ujian serta kos yang amat tinggi ke atas untuk setiap jenis produk.
Terima kasih.
Byadmin
When engine oil turns dark, it’s dirty and should be changed?
If you’re conscientious about keeping your car in good running order, you probably worry from time to time that your oil has gotten dirty and is causing sludge to build up in your engine. So you pull the dipstick out and check the color of the oil at the tip. Chances are, it’s starting to turn dark, no longer the light amber color that you saw on the stick when your oil was fresh. So now it’s too dirty to use, right? It’s depositing sludge in your engine and needs to be changed.
Wrong. In fact, just the opposite is true. If you’re using a detergent engine oil (and most modern engine oils have detergent additives), the oil is working just the way it’s supposed to, dispersing the tiny particles that can result in engine sludge and holding them in suspension in the oil itself so that they can’t build up. That’s why the oil appears darker, but this in no way impedes the oil from performing its normal functions of lubricating and protecting the metal surfaces inside the engine. Of course, the oil is limited in how many of these suspended particles it can contain and will eventually need to be changed when it becomes saturated, but use the oil change interval recommended by your car’s manufacturer to decide when to change the oil, not the color of the oil on the stick.
Note:
http://auto.howstuffworks.com/5-engine-oil-myths2.htm
Byadmin
The “W” in 10W-30 oil stands for “weight”?
The “W” in 10W-30 oil stands for “weight.”
When you buy engine oil, it’s important to know the oil’s viscosity, a property that corresponds roughly to its thickness. The less viscous the oil, the more smoothly it moves through your engine and lubricates the moving parts. The best engine oils have a viscosity that is neither so high (thick) that it will barely flow or so low (thin) that it will slip through your engine like water.
There are two ways in which oil viscosity is measured: single grade and multi-grade. SAE 30 is a typical single-grade rating. That means that an organization called the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) ran the oil through a standardized tube-like device and timed how long it took, in seconds, to flow from one end to the other. The viscosity rating is the number of seconds rounded to the nearest multiple of ten. Thus, SAE 30 oil takes approximately 30 seconds to flow through the tube. This single viscosity rating is sometimes called the oil’s “weight.”
Unfortunately, oil changes its viscosity with temperature and the single viscosity rating only represents the flow of oil when it’s warm. What if you need to start your car on a cold winter morning? The oil will flow more slowly, so the cold viscosity rating is important too. A multi-grade rating gives you both the hot and cold viscosities. For 10W-30 oil, the 30 is the same as the SAE 30 viscosity rating for warm oil, but the 10W is the viscosity rating for cold oil, according to a standardized rating system developed by the SAE for winter oil use.
And that’s what the “W” stands for: “winter.”
Note:
http://auto.howstuffworks.com/5-engine-oil-myths1.htm